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CountriesEastern AfricaMadagascar
Country record

Madagascar

Madagascar reports more, and more often, than most of the continent. Eight of ten datasets here reach 2025; two stop earlier, and this page shows where.

API
Where Madagascar ranks in 2024, of 53 · change since 2014
30thGDP$17.6bn2
—Mobilenot in the record
45thInternet use18.7%1
Last updated 1 Oct 2026 · World Bank · IMF · UNHCR
AntananarivoToamasina
No land borders, 4,828 km of coast.
CapitalAntananarivoLanguagesFrench, MalagasyCurrencyMalagasy ariary · MGAArea587,041 km²

At a glance

32.7 million people, half of them under 19, in an economy of $21.2bn in 2026, growing 3.6% a year.

Madagascar’s economy is measured monthly and its households are measured by census. That split runs through everything below: exchange rates and market prices arrive within days, while access to water and power is estimated years after the fact.

One of the four figures beside this is modelled rather than reported. The page marks which is which everywhere, so a number you cite is a number you can defend.

How current the record is
811
Current to 2025To 2024Stop by 2023
Population32.7mpeople · Reported · 2025
Median age19.4years · Modelled · 2026
GDP per capita$656current US$ · Reported · 2026
Internet use18.7%of population · Reported · 2024
Coverage — ten datasets, ten years

Eight of ten datasets carry a 2025 figure. Climate stops at 2024; policies stops at 2021. Hatching is the absence of a figure, not a low one.

’16’17’18’19’20’21’22’23’24’25
Indicators
FX rates
Markets
Trade
Government
Policies
Prices
Power
Climate
Humanitarian
ReportedModelledNo figure
/v1/data?country_code=mg
Goods trade balanceExports and imports, US$ billions
04820142024ImportsExports
Imports have run at roughly 25% above exports over the decade; the band is the deficit.World BankSources →
Where exports goTop destinations, 2025
France$0.45bnUnited States$0.40bnChina$0.20bn
France takes 43% of the recorded exports.Trade partners recordSources →
Where imports come fromTop origins, 2025
China$1.33bnOman$0.65bnIndia$0.36bn
China alone supplies more than Oman and India together.Trade partners recordSources →
GDP per capitaCurrent US$, not inflation-adjusted
$400$500$60020142024$550
Reported every year, including the 2020 dip in dollar terms.IMFSources →
InflationAnnual change in consumer prices
0%5%10%201420247.6%
7.6% in 2024; the decade’s peak was 9.9% in 2023.IMFSources →
Remittances receivedUS$ billions, current prices
0.30.40.620142024$0.41bn
1.2 times the 2014 figure.World BankSources →
Goods exports by value2025 · top categories
Nickel$0.44bnCoffee & tea$0.34bnApparel$0.29bn
Nickel alone is 41% of the recorded top categories; services are excluded here.Trade products recordSources →
Public debtGross central government debt, share of GDP
30%45%60%2014202449.8%
Up 12 points since 2014.IMFSources →
Ariary per US dollarAnnual average exchange rate
025005000201420244525.4
Lost 47% of its dollar value since 2014.World Bank GEMSources →
Access to electricityShare of population with a connection
0501002014202442.5%
Up 19.5 points over the decade.World BankSources →
Under-five mortalityDeaths before age five, per 1,000 live births
5065802014202462.4
Falling steadily; modelled between census years.WHOSources →
Life expectancy at birthYears
5065802014202463.8 yrs
Rising steadily across the decade.World BankSources →
Mobile subscriptionsPer 100 people · 100 marks parity
0501002014202475
Stops at 2023; the line ends where the record ends.World BankSources →
Urban populationShare living in urban areas
25%30%35%40%2014202432.4%
Reported every year the record allows.World BankSources →
Who holds powerTwelve heads of state across 15 terms since 1959, and every office beneath the current one as the record holds it
/v1/government/overview/mg
19592026
The executive as of
Oct 2026Where it stands

Michael Randrianirina has held the office of President of Madagascar since Oct 2025. The record holds 18 current ministers and two junior ministers.

ElectedAppointed
Michael RandrianirinaMichael RandrianirinaPresident of Madagascarin office since Oct 2025
No second seatthe deputy for this date is not in the record
No third seatno second office is recorded for this date
20 seats confirmed current · 22 recorded for 2025
18Ministersone per portfolio · as the record holds them for this date
HealthSpatial PlanningTechnical Education and Vocational TrainingFishingHandicrafts and TradesTourismWater, Sanitation and HygieneState of Defence, responsible for the GendarmerieIndustryMines and PetroleumEnvironment, Ecology and ForestsAgricultureEconomy and PlanningPopulationPosts and TelecommunicationsHigher Education and Scientific ResearchPublic SecurityCommunications
2Junior ministersministers of state, delegates and deputy ministers as the record holds them
New Towns and HousingLivestock
Outside the chain
—No subnational recordgovernors and provincial offices are not held

The record follows the national executive only. Governors, provincial administrators and other offices outside this chain are not held for Madagascar.

Read this first Coverage varies by country and institution. Recorded offices are not a complete government roster. Marked current is a source claim. Missing dates are shown as uncertain. Office groups are classifications. Connections are recorded Wikidata relationships, not verified reporting lines.

Wikidata · offices, terms and their dates as the record classifies them · structure as of 18 Oct 2026 · Portraits: Wikimedia Commons, licences per imageAll offices and people →Data and sources →
Madagascar
The whole table

Nine measures, with the year each one was taken

Reporting periods differ by source
IndicatorLatestYear2014ChangeCertaintySource
Access to electricity42.5%202423.0%+19.5 ptsReportedWorld Bank
Basic drinking water33.3%202431.1%+2.1 ptsReportedUNICEF
Basic sanitation2.6%20241.7%+0.9 ptsReportedUNICEF
Clean cooking fuel2.0%20241.0%+1.0 ptsReportedWorld Bank
Under-five mortality62.4202465.7−3.3 per 1,000ModelledWHO
Life expectancy at birth63.8 yrs202463.3 yrs+0.6 yrsReportedWorld Bank
Urban population32.9%202528.9%+4.0 ptsReportedWorld Bank
Internet use18.7%20243.7%+15.0 ptsReportedWorld Bank
Mobile subscriptions75 / 100202339 / 100+36ReportedWorld Bank

Every indicator we hold for Madagascar

164 of 207 indicators carry a figure for Madagascar. Each opens its own page with the full history, the source and the API request.

Economy
Trade
Development
Demographics
Health
Child Welfare
Education
Food Security
Agriculture
Governance
Humanitarian
Technology
Infrastructure
Energy
Climate

How Madagascar ranks across Africa

Madagascar's position on 163 indicators, among the countries with a recent figure for each. A higher place means a higher value, not a better result. Each links to the full ranking.

Economy

Trade

Development

Demographics

Health

Child Welfare

Education

Food Security

Agriculture

Governance

Humanitarian

Technology

Infrastructure

Energy

Climate

Compare Madagascar with other African countries

The record for every other African country, by region, and side-by-side comparisons where we publish them.

Southern Africa

Sources, method & citation

Every figure on this page is traceable to a named publication and a retrieval date. Where we model a value we say so; where no one has reported, we leave it empty.

Upstream sources
World Bank2025
IMF2026
UNHCR2025
UNICEF2024
Sources & methods
Cite this page

Africa API (2026) — “Madagascar: country record”. Retrieved 18 Oct 2026.

Free to use under CC BY 4.0. Each upstream source keeps its own licence.
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