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De facto administration · Source records

Somaliland administration

People, offices and institutional evidence across the available sources.

Separately presented Somaliland administration with disputed statehood. The UN recorded Israel's recognition in December 2025; the African Union's April 2026 statement rejects independent-state recognition. These are attributed institutional positions, not a determination of sovereignty or territorial control.

119Source observations
1Institutional relationships

People and office observations

Each row is a source observation, not a unique person or a continuous term. Annual snapshots, research waves and dated events keep their own date precision. Initials appear where these datasets supply no portrait.

Clear

Research wave

SULEIMAN YUSUF ALI

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119078; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

AHMED ABDI NUR (KIJANDHE)

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119079; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

AHMED YASSIN ALI AYAANLE

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119173; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

ADEN MUHAMMAD HORRI (MATTAN)

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119176; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

MOHAMOUD DHUNKAAL GUUTAALE (QOOR)

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119177; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

ABDIRAHMAN MUSE JAMA

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119178; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

MOHAMED ALI JIBRIIL

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119179; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

AHMED DUALE BULAALE

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119180; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

MAHDI ABDILAHI MOHAMOUD

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119181; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

MAHDI ABDILAHI MOHAMOUD

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119181; office slot 2

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

ABDULKADIR ASKAR HASSAN

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119182; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

SAEED MOHAMED ELMI

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119234; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

ADEN H.DIRIYE DIRIR.

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119235; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

HASSAN AWALE INAN

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119236; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

IBRAHIM MOHAMED HUSSEIN

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119237; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

ALI YUUSUF AHMED

Second Vice Speaker

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119238; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

HARIIR SICIID BULAALE

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119239; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

IBRAHIM AHMED REYGAL

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119242; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

MAHDI HAJJI HASSAN SUGAAL

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119243; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

ABDI MOHAMED JAMA

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119244; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

HUSSEIN MOHAMED EGGE

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119384; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

ABDULQADIR HAJI ISMAIL JIRDEH.

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119385; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

MAHDI HUSSEIN ADARE

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119386; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

ABDULKARIM AW ALI SHABEEL

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119387; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

MOHAMED JAMA HAJI ELMI (DABLE)

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119388; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

ABDIRAHMAAN MOHAMED

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119389; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

MOHAMED BAARUUD SHIDE

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119390; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

MOHAMED BARKHAD MIGANE

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119391; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

ABDIRAHMAN MOHAMED JAMA

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119392; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

BASHIIR X.XUSEEN TUKAALE SAMATAR

Member of Parliament

Research window 2010–2013

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2010–2013. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2010–2013. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 119393; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Dataset limitations
  • Source observations are not continuous tenures or independently verified current rosters.
  • Names and source identifiers are not merged into people without separate identity evidence.
  • Jurisdiction labels describe source coverage and do not determine sovereignty or recognition.
  • Accountability, appointment and membership are different from reporting relationships.