Each row is a source observation, not a unique person or a continuous term. Annual snapshots, research waves and dated events keep their own date precision. Initials appear where these datasets supply no portrait.
AMUndated snapshot
Address Matiirira
Member of Senate
A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Administration: 8th Parliament
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Observation date unknown. Precision: unknown.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: memberships: person_id=bc8a1be7-b0f5-4a8a-a3b2-f89b09f77bfd; legislative_period_id=term/8; sha256=c81dfd866941460109c84e96ee33af1adb262b217ef5c40640dbb22f66296987
Dataset: Original EveryPolitician historical African legislatures (opens in a new tab) · Edition africa-archive-2026-09-18
Attribution: mySociety / original EveryPolitician archive. The publisher describes the data as available for anyone to use. Original sources, archive commits and source identifiers accompany records. No licence is asserted for linked portraits, biographies or source documents. This is not the later OpenSanctions commercial PEP dataset.
Licence: Publisher reuse invitation; no named data licence found (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 18 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- An inactive historical archive is not a current-officeholder roster.
- Legislative period dates do not establish individual service dates.
- Source identifiers and names are not independently resolved people.
- Membership observations do not establish reporting relationships.
- Party labels and constituencies retain their source-era meaning.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
JNUndated snapshot
Joyce Ndhlovu
Member of Senate
A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Administration: 8th Parliament
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Observation date unknown. Precision: unknown.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: memberships: person_id=43fd344d-20d5-4fa2-a1a7-67c9a0016c37; legislative_period_id=term/8; sha256=cc64861a8ac3595d47cbac6dba66e02adb2d11a77ae852512b5c5feddd49d0b3
Dataset: Original EveryPolitician historical African legislatures (opens in a new tab) · Edition africa-archive-2026-09-18
Attribution: mySociety / original EveryPolitician archive. The publisher describes the data as available for anyone to use. Original sources, archive commits and source identifiers accompany records. No licence is asserted for linked portraits, biographies or source documents. This is not the later OpenSanctions commercial PEP dataset.
Licence: Publisher reuse invitation; no named data licence found (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 18 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- An inactive historical archive is not a current-officeholder roster.
- Legislative period dates do not establish individual service dates.
- Source identifiers and names are not independently resolved people.
- Membership observations do not establish reporting relationships.
- Party labels and constituencies retain their source-era meaning.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
FBUndated snapshot
Flora Buka
Member of Senate
A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Administration: 8th Parliament
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Observation date unknown. Precision: unknown.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: memberships: person_id=338ff3bf-ff63-4e5d-a405-496fac227f49; legislative_period_id=term/8; sha256=cf06f0b13fbfd2c8df8a2290cb0c7191c260c466d6656a75ec6b16a715fe70d3
Dataset: Original EveryPolitician historical African legislatures (opens in a new tab) · Edition africa-archive-2026-09-18
Attribution: mySociety / original EveryPolitician archive. The publisher describes the data as available for anyone to use. Original sources, archive commits and source identifiers accompany records. No licence is asserted for linked portraits, biographies or source documents. This is not the later OpenSanctions commercial PEP dataset.
Licence: Publisher reuse invitation; no named data licence found (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 18 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- An inactive historical archive is not a current-officeholder roster.
- Legislative period dates do not establish individual service dates.
- Source identifiers and names are not independently resolved people.
- Membership observations do not establish reporting relationships.
- Party labels and constituencies retain their source-era meaning.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
JMUndated snapshot
Jenia Manyeruke
Member of Senate
A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Administration: 8th Parliament
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Observation date unknown. Precision: unknown.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: memberships: person_id=a46dddee-1bce-40e2-af44-a1c77e99b395; legislative_period_id=term/8; sha256=d65b4f80682117e418268d819c5f48feb0d912d691465f024c700f463ea7206a
Dataset: Original EveryPolitician historical African legislatures (opens in a new tab) · Edition africa-archive-2026-09-18
Attribution: mySociety / original EveryPolitician archive. The publisher describes the data as available for anyone to use. Original sources, archive commits and source identifiers accompany records. No licence is asserted for linked portraits, biographies or source documents. This is not the later OpenSanctions commercial PEP dataset.
Licence: Publisher reuse invitation; no named data licence found (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 18 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- An inactive historical archive is not a current-officeholder roster.
- Legislative period dates do not establish individual service dates.
- Source identifiers and names are not independently resolved people.
- Membership observations do not establish reporting relationships.
- Party labels and constituencies retain their source-era meaning.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
AMUndated snapshot
Alma Mkhwebu
Member of Senate
A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Administration: 8th Parliament
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Observation date unknown. Precision: unknown.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: memberships: person_id=088e1e76-2539-4495-8a63-aa45c9de5c4e; legislative_period_id=term/8; sha256=dad7a18c884de754a67821c1a301189a109493842d742390e9519a40bc31e9de
Dataset: Original EveryPolitician historical African legislatures (opens in a new tab) · Edition africa-archive-2026-09-18
Attribution: mySociety / original EveryPolitician archive. The publisher describes the data as available for anyone to use. Original sources, archive commits and source identifiers accompany records. No licence is asserted for linked portraits, biographies or source documents. This is not the later OpenSanctions commercial PEP dataset.
Licence: Publisher reuse invitation; no named data licence found (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 18 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- An inactive historical archive is not a current-officeholder roster.
- Legislative period dates do not establish individual service dates.
- Source identifiers and names are not independently resolved people.
- Membership observations do not establish reporting relationships.
- Party labels and constituencies retain their source-era meaning.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
LTUndated snapshot
Lilian Timveos
Member of Senate
A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Administration: 8th Parliament
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Observation date unknown. Precision: unknown.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: memberships: person_id=28a9d5c7-42f8-4492-ad2a-45e8ace060d4; legislative_period_id=term/8; sha256=dae1e77b33bbab70bdeba22435146e4c21390ecba49f1452842f0a5840c6a5ac
Dataset: Original EveryPolitician historical African legislatures (opens in a new tab) · Edition africa-archive-2026-09-18
Attribution: mySociety / original EveryPolitician archive. The publisher describes the data as available for anyone to use. Original sources, archive commits and source identifiers accompany records. No licence is asserted for linked portraits, biographies or source documents. This is not the later OpenSanctions commercial PEP dataset.
Licence: Publisher reuse invitation; no named data licence found (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 18 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- An inactive historical archive is not a current-officeholder roster.
- Legislative period dates do not establish individual service dates.
- Source identifiers and names are not independently resolved people.
- Membership observations do not establish reporting relationships.
- Party labels and constituencies retain their source-era meaning.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
SMUndated snapshot
Sithembile Mlotshwa
Member of Senate
A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Administration: 8th Parliament
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Observation date unknown. Precision: unknown.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: memberships: person_id=2444e830-fe08-436f-88d0-0443504c04e0; legislative_period_id=term/8; sha256=db7ea25a9805992dd9c5e014507e5fc7ab963990c9cad76ea7e06e4971cd57ef
Dataset: Original EveryPolitician historical African legislatures (opens in a new tab) · Edition africa-archive-2026-09-18
Attribution: mySociety / original EveryPolitician archive. The publisher describes the data as available for anyone to use. Original sources, archive commits and source identifiers accompany records. No licence is asserted for linked portraits, biographies or source documents. This is not the later OpenSanctions commercial PEP dataset.
Licence: Publisher reuse invitation; no named data licence found (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 18 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- An inactive historical archive is not a current-officeholder roster.
- Legislative period dates do not establish individual service dates.
- Source identifiers and names are not independently resolved people.
- Membership observations do not establish reporting relationships.
- Party labels and constituencies retain their source-era meaning.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
SBUndated snapshot
Shuvai Ben Mahofa
Member of Senate
A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Administration: 8th Parliament
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Observation date unknown. Precision: unknown.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: memberships: person_id=7f09a9fb-bd90-450d-9c84-0de512747af8; legislative_period_id=term/8; sha256=e016fca4f02f12babe896db391b83e0db1356a7f934ec45de216d94d74830caf
Dataset: Original EveryPolitician historical African legislatures (opens in a new tab) · Edition africa-archive-2026-09-18
Attribution: mySociety / original EveryPolitician archive. The publisher describes the data as available for anyone to use. Original sources, archive commits and source identifiers accompany records. No licence is asserted for linked portraits, biographies or source documents. This is not the later OpenSanctions commercial PEP dataset.
Licence: Publisher reuse invitation; no named data licence found (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 18 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- An inactive historical archive is not a current-officeholder roster.
- Legislative period dates do not establish individual service dates.
- Source identifiers and names are not independently resolved people.
- Membership observations do not establish reporting relationships.
- Party labels and constituencies retain their source-era meaning.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
MMUndated snapshot
Martha Muronzi
Member of Senate
A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Administration: 8th Parliament
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Observation date unknown. Precision: unknown.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: memberships: person_id=21baa68a-7e9a-42b2-851b-4c4fddd50532; legislative_period_id=term/8; sha256=e2aff8be4a453855b704b047b5c63de49714d34a60a28ea935b59fe1c66cc1af
Dataset: Original EveryPolitician historical African legislatures (opens in a new tab) · Edition africa-archive-2026-09-18
Attribution: mySociety / original EveryPolitician archive. The publisher describes the data as available for anyone to use. Original sources, archive commits and source identifiers accompany records. No licence is asserted for linked portraits, biographies or source documents. This is not the later OpenSanctions commercial PEP dataset.
Licence: Publisher reuse invitation; no named data licence found (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 18 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- An inactive historical archive is not a current-officeholder roster.
- Legislative period dates do not establish individual service dates.
- Source identifiers and names are not independently resolved people.
- Membership observations do not establish reporting relationships.
- Party labels and constituencies retain their source-era meaning.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
RMUndated snapshot
Ruth Mafoko Labode
Member of Senate
A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Administration: 8th Parliament
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Observation date unknown. Precision: unknown.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: memberships: person_id=a85beb62-a427-4778-bb75-45a6b40fae54; legislative_period_id=term/8; sha256=e6a845c7b6ca5dffe797e0581fc1f427d24882fa06a183fd1992cfcf2758e908
Dataset: Original EveryPolitician historical African legislatures (opens in a new tab) · Edition africa-archive-2026-09-18
Attribution: mySociety / original EveryPolitician archive. The publisher describes the data as available for anyone to use. Original sources, archive commits and source identifiers accompany records. No licence is asserted for linked portraits, biographies or source documents. This is not the later OpenSanctions commercial PEP dataset.
Licence: Publisher reuse invitation; no named data licence found (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 18 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- An inactive historical archive is not a current-officeholder roster.
- Legislative period dates do not establish individual service dates.
- Source identifiers and names are not independently resolved people.
- Membership observations do not establish reporting relationships.
- Party labels and constituencies retain their source-era meaning.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
KKUndated snapshot
Kumbirai Kangai
Member of Senate
A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Administration: 8th Parliament
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Observation date unknown. Precision: unknown.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: memberships: person_id=fb88eb6e-1ad9-4cf3-8d4c-31c69f65a73a; legislative_period_id=term/8; sha256=eabdae0f71049c60e07ea912b444102d7c5fd16bc8718d7f5ceca90bfa1b79b2
Dataset: Original EveryPolitician historical African legislatures (opens in a new tab) · Edition africa-archive-2026-09-18
Attribution: mySociety / original EveryPolitician archive. The publisher describes the data as available for anyone to use. Original sources, archive commits and source identifiers accompany records. No licence is asserted for linked portraits, biographies or source documents. This is not the later OpenSanctions commercial PEP dataset.
Licence: Publisher reuse invitation; no named data licence found (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 18 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- An inactive historical archive is not a current-officeholder roster.
- Legislative period dates do not establish individual service dates.
- Source identifiers and names are not independently resolved people.
- Membership observations do not establish reporting relationships.
- Party labels and constituencies retain their source-era meaning.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
TKUndated snapshot
Tholakele Khumalo
Member of Senate
A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Administration: 8th Parliament
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Observation date unknown. Precision: unknown.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: memberships: person_id=53e6114d-c481-4d25-a0b1-ac86b62266ef; legislative_period_id=term/8; sha256=ead31d6fdd10bb2095e1666bce631eafd735e3a99584b054aaa73df928b44e3b
Dataset: Original EveryPolitician historical African legislatures (opens in a new tab) · Edition africa-archive-2026-09-18
Attribution: mySociety / original EveryPolitician archive. The publisher describes the data as available for anyone to use. Original sources, archive commits and source identifiers accompany records. No licence is asserted for linked portraits, biographies or source documents. This is not the later OpenSanctions commercial PEP dataset.
Licence: Publisher reuse invitation; no named data licence found (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 18 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- An inactive historical archive is not a current-officeholder roster.
- Legislative period dates do not establish individual service dates.
- Source identifiers and names are not independently resolved people.
- Membership observations do not establish reporting relationships.
- Party labels and constituencies retain their source-era meaning.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
TKUndated snapshot
Thokozani Khupe
Member of Senate
A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Administration: 8th Parliament
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Observation date unknown. Precision: unknown.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: memberships: person_id=5e186507-1f8a-45a3-9bf4-ea8605f59e8c; legislative_period_id=term/8; sha256=f0416773b258c0884178153d49183477b8980ea117858aaae5f999523453c15f
Dataset: Original EveryPolitician historical African legislatures (opens in a new tab) · Edition africa-archive-2026-09-18
Attribution: mySociety / original EveryPolitician archive. The publisher describes the data as available for anyone to use. Original sources, archive commits and source identifiers accompany records. No licence is asserted for linked portraits, biographies or source documents. This is not the later OpenSanctions commercial PEP dataset.
Licence: Publisher reuse invitation; no named data licence found (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 18 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- An inactive historical archive is not a current-officeholder roster.
- Legislative period dates do not establish individual service dates.
- Source identifiers and names are not independently resolved people.
- Membership observations do not establish reporting relationships.
- Party labels and constituencies retain their source-era meaning.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
CTUndated snapshot
Charles Tawengwa
Member of Senate
A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Administration: 8th Parliament
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Observation date unknown. Precision: unknown.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: memberships: person_id=dd007b82-8129-40d7-b274-158a37c52700; legislative_period_id=term/8; sha256=f558b58b9944d273d67d38dd098105d3391c6f48be19fc5558638c59e0fd3ea0
Dataset: Original EveryPolitician historical African legislatures (opens in a new tab) · Edition africa-archive-2026-09-18
Attribution: mySociety / original EveryPolitician archive. The publisher describes the data as available for anyone to use. Original sources, archive commits and source identifiers accompany records. No licence is asserted for linked portraits, biographies or source documents. This is not the later OpenSanctions commercial PEP dataset.
Licence: Publisher reuse invitation; no named data licence found (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 18 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- An inactive historical archive is not a current-officeholder roster.
- Legislative period dates do not establish individual service dates.
- Source identifiers and names are not independently resolved people.
- Membership observations do not establish reporting relationships.
- Party labels and constituencies retain their source-era meaning.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
WSUndated snapshot
Watchy Sibanda
Member of Senate
A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Administration: 8th Parliament
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Observation date unknown. Precision: unknown.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: memberships: person_id=f6837337-54e5-4358-9825-9180dfcf44c7; legislative_period_id=term/8; sha256=fb4a1ba37aa14723080b16ab0689468649124c0a7e35161256b6046a58a7bf17
Dataset: Original EveryPolitician historical African legislatures (opens in a new tab) · Edition africa-archive-2026-09-18
Attribution: mySociety / original EveryPolitician archive. The publisher describes the data as available for anyone to use. Original sources, archive commits and source identifiers accompany records. No licence is asserted for linked portraits, biographies or source documents. This is not the later OpenSanctions commercial PEP dataset.
Licence: Publisher reuse invitation; no named data licence found (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 18 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- An inactive historical archive is not a current-officeholder roster.
- Legislative period dates do not establish individual service dates.
- Source identifiers and names are not independently resolved people.
- Membership observations do not establish reporting relationships.
- Party labels and constituencies retain their source-era meaning.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
JFResearch wave
Jacob Francis Mudenda
Speaker of the National Assembly
Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.
Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.
Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.
The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: GLP v1 person 272590; office slot 1
Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4
Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection.
Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
- Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
- Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
- Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
- Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
- Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
- Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
JFResearch wave
Jacob Francis Mudenda
Member of Parliament
Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.
Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.
Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.
The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: GLP v1 person 272590; office slot 2
Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4
Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection.
Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
- Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
- Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
- Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
- Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
- Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
- Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
FZResearch wave
Fortune Zephania Charumbira
Senator
Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.
Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.
Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.
The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: GLP v1 person 272596; office slot 1
Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4
Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection.
Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
- Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
- Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
- Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
- Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
- Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
- Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
DCResearch wave
Daster Chisunga
Senator
Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.
Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.
Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.
The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: GLP v1 person 272597; office slot 1
Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4
Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection.
Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
- Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
- Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
- Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
- Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
- Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
- Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
MDResearch wave
Manyepa Dandawa
Senator
Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.
Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.
Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.
The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: GLP v1 person 272598; office slot 1
Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4
Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection.
Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
- Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
- Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
- Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
- Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
- Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
- Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
FCResearch wave
Fereni Chauke Chitanga
Senator
Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.
Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.
Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.
The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: GLP v1 person 272599; office slot 1
Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4
Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection.
Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
- Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
- Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
- Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
- Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
- Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
- Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
MNResearch wave
Milton Ntabeni
Senator
Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.
Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.
Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.
The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: GLP v1 person 272600; office slot 1
Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4
Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection.
Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
- Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
- Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
- Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
- Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
- Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
- Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
SKResearch wave
Samson Katsande Nyamukoho
Senator
Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.
Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.
Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.
The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: GLP v1 person 272601; office slot 1
Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4
Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection.
Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
- Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
- Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
- Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
- Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
- Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
- Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
MBResearch wave
Medelina Bhebe
Senator
Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.
Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.
Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.
The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: GLP v1 person 272602; office slot 1
Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4
Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection.
Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
- Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
- Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
- Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
- Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
- Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
- Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
MCResearch wave
Micheal Carter
Senator
Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.
Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.
Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.
The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: GLP v1 person 272603; office slot 1
Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4
Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection.
Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
- Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
- Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
- Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
- Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
- Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
- Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
JCResearch wave
Jane Chifamba
Senator
Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.
Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.
Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.
The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: GLP v1 person 272604; office slot 1
Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4
Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection.
Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
- Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
- Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
- Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
- Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
- Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
- Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
ACResearch wave
Alice Chimbudzi
Senator
Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.
Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.
Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.
The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: GLP v1 person 272605; office slot 1
Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4
Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection.
Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
- Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
- Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
- Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
- Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
- Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
- Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
CCResearch wave
Chenhamo Chen Chakezha Chimutengwende
Deputy President of Senate
Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.
Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.
Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.
The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: GLP v1 person 272606; office slot 1
Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4
Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection.
Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
- Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
- Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
- Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
- Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
- Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
- Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
CCResearch wave
Chenhamo Chen Chakezha Chimutengwende
Senator
Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.
Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.
Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.
The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: GLP v1 person 272606; office slot 2
Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4
Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection.
Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.
Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
- Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
- Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
- Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
- Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
- Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
- Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
JHResearch wave
Josiah Hungwe
Senator
Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.
Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.
Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.
The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: GLP v1 person 272607; office slot 1
Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4
Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection.
Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel.
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Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
- Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
- Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
- Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
- Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
- Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
- Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.