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Country · Source records

Somalia

People, offices and institutional evidence across the available sources.

African sovereign country in the existing country registry.

Status source 1 (opens in a new tab)
3,692Source observations
6Institutional relationships

People and office observations

Each row is a source observation, not a unique person or a continuous term. Annual snapshots, research waves and dated events keep their own date precision. Initials appear where these datasets supply no portrait.

Clear

Research wave

Ahmed Ismail Mohamed

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297800; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Ahmed Ismail Shabeel

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297801; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297802; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Ali Ahmed Jama Jengali

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297803; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Ali Yusuf Ali Hosh

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297804; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Anab Hassan Elmi

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297805; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Burhan Aden Omar

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297806; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Dahir Mohamud Muse

Cabinet, Minister

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297807; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Daud Mohamed Omar

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297808; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Dhahar Farah Ali Dhahar

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297809; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Elmi Omar Elmi

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297810; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Faisal Abdulle Guled

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297811; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Hawa Yusuf Ahmed

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297812; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Ikran Yusuf Hirsi

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297813; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Abdirahman Mohamed Abdulle

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297814; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Mohamed Abdikafi Mohamed

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297815; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Mohamud Hayir Ibrahim

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297816; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Deqa Said Hassan Ibrahim

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297817; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Mohamed Abdullah Farah

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297818; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Mohamud Ahmed Isse Farah

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297819; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Muse Ahmed Ismail

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297820; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Omar Ismail Waberi

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297821; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Sadia Areis Isse

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297822; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Sadia Yassin Samatar

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297823; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Sadiq Hirsi Warfa

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297824; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Saida Mohamed Hassan

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297825; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Said Hussein Eid

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297826; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Zakariye Mohamud Abdi

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297827; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Sulaiman Mohamud Hashi

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297828; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Research wave

Abdalla Haji Ali

Member of Parliament

Research window 2017–2019

Recorded in a research wave. The observation does not establish continuous tenure or current service.

Source research windows: 2017–2019. These windows do not date this office term.

Bounds enclose research waves, not continuous tenure or presence throughout the interval. No exact role date is established.

The source does not assign each office slot to an individual wave. Multiple-wave office dates remain unknown.

Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab)Source updated: Date unknown
Dates and source evidence

Observation: Research window 2017–2019. Precision: range.

Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.

Evidence location: GLP v1 person 297829; office slot 1

Dataset: Global Leadership Project v1 public office observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition v1-f3bb5baa34e4

Attribution: John Gerring, Connor T. Jerzak and Erzen Öncel (2024), The Composition of Descriptive Representation, American Political Science Review 118(2), 784–801; doi:10.1017/S0003055423000680. GLP v1 author-hosted public role projection. Copyright 2025, Gerring, Jerzak, and Öncel. Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

Licence: MIT (opens in a new tab)

Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.

  • Research waves cover 2010–2013 and 2017–2019. They are not exact tenure dates or current rosters.
  • Office slots are not assigned to individual waves. Roles for people appearing in both waves retain unknown observation dates.
  • Conflicting or absent wave fields are retained with unknown observation dates.
  • Source person identifiers are not independently verified identities and are not merged with Wikidata people by name.
  • Source classifications include party and related offices as well as government roles; these are not all cabinet positions.
  • Rows with no published office class or position are counted in qualification but excluded from office observations.
  • Demographic, contact, family and private-life fields are excluded from this import.

Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.

Dataset limitations
  • Source observations are not continuous tenures or independently verified current rosters.
  • Names and source identifiers are not merged into people without separate identity evidence.
  • Jurisdiction labels describe source coverage and do not determine sovereignty or recognition.
  • Accountability, appointment and membership are different from reporting relationships.