Each row is a source observation, not a unique person or a continuous term. Annual snapshots, research waves and dated events keep their own date precision. Initials appear where these datasets supply no portrait.
LADated snapshot
Lalatiana Andriantogarivo RAKOTONDRAZAFY
Min. of Communication & Culture
Aug 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Aug 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: 17 Aug 2021.
Evidence location: Madagascar; leaders; row 4; Min. of Communication & Culture
Dataset: CIA World Leaders roster observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition public-rosters-v1
Attribution: Central Intelligence Agency, World Leaders: Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments. Country and edition URLs accompany each observation.
Licence: Public domain (unmarked US government material) (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Oct 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- A roster observation is not an appointment date or evidence of continuous service.
- Edition dates and retrieval dates do not establish current service. Country source update dates can be much older.
- CIA observations have not all been independently checked against national appointment records.
- Names are retained as published; people are not merged across sources by name.
- Diplomats, central bank officers and other listed officials are not automatically cabinet members.
- Blank names are unspecified information; only an explicit vacancy label is recorded as a reported vacancy.
- Refreshes replace this catalog version, including the last live-page capture. Published monthly archive editions are retained; daily captures are not a complete change history.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
GADated snapshot
Gerard ANDRIAMANOHISOA
Sec. of State for New Cities & Habitat to the Presidency of the Republic of Madagascar
Aug 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Aug 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: 17 Aug 2021.
Evidence location: Madagascar; leaders; row 31; Sec. of State for New Cities & Habitat to the Presidency of the Republic of Madagascar
Dataset: CIA World Leaders roster observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition public-rosters-v1
Attribution: Central Intelligence Agency, World Leaders: Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments. Country and edition URLs accompany each observation.
Licence: Public domain (unmarked US government material) (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Oct 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- A roster observation is not an appointment date or evidence of continuous service.
- Edition dates and retrieval dates do not establish current service. Country source update dates can be much older.
- CIA observations have not all been independently checked against national appointment records.
- Names are retained as published; people are not merged across sources by name.
- Diplomats, central bank officers and other listed officials are not automatically cabinet members.
- Blank names are unspecified information; only an explicit vacancy label is recorded as a reported vacancy.
- Refreshes replace this catalog version, including the last live-page capture. Published monthly archive editions are retained; daily captures are not a complete change history.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
GRDated snapshot
Gaston RAVELOJAONA
Governor, Central Bank
Aug 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Aug 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: 17 Aug 2021.
Evidence location: Madagascar; leaders; row 32; Governor, Central Bank
Dataset: CIA World Leaders roster observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition public-rosters-v1
Attribution: Central Intelligence Agency, World Leaders: Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments. Country and edition URLs accompany each observation.
Licence: Public domain (unmarked US government material) (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Oct 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- A roster observation is not an appointment date or evidence of continuous service.
- Edition dates and retrieval dates do not establish current service. Country source update dates can be much older.
- CIA observations have not all been independently checked against national appointment records.
- Names are retained as published; people are not merged across sources by name.
- Diplomats, central bank officers and other listed officials are not automatically cabinet members.
- Blank names are unspecified information; only an explicit vacancy label is recorded as a reported vacancy.
- Refreshes replace this catalog version, including the last live-page capture. Published monthly archive editions are retained; daily captures are not a complete change history.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
EADated snapshot
Eric ANDRIAMIHAJAMANANIRINA ROBSON
Ambassador to the US
Aug 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Aug 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: 17 Aug 2021.
Evidence location: Madagascar; leaders; row 33; Ambassador to the US
Dataset: CIA World Leaders roster observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition public-rosters-v1
Attribution: Central Intelligence Agency, World Leaders: Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments. Country and edition URLs accompany each observation.
Licence: Public domain (unmarked US government material) (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Oct 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- A roster observation is not an appointment date or evidence of continuous service.
- Edition dates and retrieval dates do not establish current service. Country source update dates can be much older.
- CIA observations have not all been independently checked against national appointment records.
- Names are retained as published; people are not merged across sources by name.
- Diplomats, central bank officers and other listed officials are not automatically cabinet members.
- Blank names are unspecified information; only an explicit vacancy label is recorded as a reported vacancy.
- Refreshes replace this catalog version, including the last live-page capture. Published monthly archive editions are retained; daily captures are not a complete change history.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
—Dated snapshot
Person name not recorded
Permanent Representative to the UN, New York
Aug 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
The source did not provide a person name for this record. A vacancy has not been established.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Aug 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: 17 Aug 2021.
Evidence location: Madagascar; leaders; row 34; Permanent Representative to the UN, New York
Dataset: CIA World Leaders roster observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition public-rosters-v1
Attribution: Central Intelligence Agency, World Leaders: Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments. Country and edition URLs accompany each observation.
Licence: Public domain (unmarked US government material) (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Oct 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- A roster observation is not an appointment date or evidence of continuous service.
- Edition dates and retrieval dates do not establish current service. Country source update dates can be much older.
- CIA observations have not all been independently checked against national appointment records.
- Names are retained as published; people are not merged across sources by name.
- Diplomats, central bank officers and other listed officials are not automatically cabinet members.
- Blank names are unspecified information; only an explicit vacancy label is recorded as a reported vacancy.
- Refreshes replace this catalog version, including the last live-page capture. Published monthly archive editions are retained; daily captures are not a complete change history.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
SRDated snapshot
Sophie RATSIRAKA
Min. of Crafts
Aug 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Aug 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: 17 Aug 2021.
Evidence location: Madagascar; leaders; row 5; Min. of Crafts
Dataset: CIA World Leaders roster observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition public-rosters-v1
Attribution: Central Intelligence Agency, World Leaders: Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments. Country and edition URLs accompany each observation.
Licence: Public domain (unmarked US government material) (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Oct 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- A roster observation is not an appointment date or evidence of continuous service.
- Edition dates and retrieval dates do not establish current service. Country source update dates can be much older.
- CIA observations have not all been independently checked against national appointment records.
- Names are retained as published; people are not merged across sources by name.
- Diplomats, central bank officers and other listed officials are not automatically cabinet members.
- Blank names are unspecified information; only an explicit vacancy label is recorded as a reported vacancy.
- Refreshes replace this catalog version, including the last live-page capture. Published monthly archive editions are retained; daily captures are not a complete change history.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
TRDated snapshot
Tahiana RAZAFINDRAMALO
Min. of Digital Development, Digital Transformation, Postal, & Telecommunications
Aug 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Aug 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: 17 Aug 2021.
Evidence location: Madagascar; leaders; row 6; Min. of Digital Development, Digital Transformation, Postal, & Telecommunications
Dataset: CIA World Leaders roster observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition public-rosters-v1
Attribution: Central Intelligence Agency, World Leaders: Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments. Country and edition URLs accompany each observation.
Licence: Public domain (unmarked US government material) (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Oct 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- A roster observation is not an appointment date or evidence of continuous service.
- Edition dates and retrieval dates do not establish current service. Country source update dates can be much older.
- CIA observations have not all been independently checked against national appointment records.
- Names are retained as published; people are not merged across sources by name.
- Diplomats, central bank officers and other listed officials are not automatically cabinet members.
- Blank names are unspecified information; only an explicit vacancy label is recorded as a reported vacancy.
- Refreshes replace this catalog version, including the last live-page capture. Published monthly archive editions are retained; daily captures are not a complete change history.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
RHDated snapshot
Rindra Hasimbelo RABARINIRINARIRISON
Min. of Economy & Finance
Aug 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Aug 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: 17 Aug 2021.
Evidence location: Madagascar; leaders; row 7; Min. of Economy & Finance
Dataset: CIA World Leaders roster observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition public-rosters-v1
Attribution: Central Intelligence Agency, World Leaders: Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments. Country and edition URLs accompany each observation.
Licence: Public domain (unmarked US government material) (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Oct 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- A roster observation is not an appointment date or evidence of continuous service.
- Edition dates and retrieval dates do not establish current service. Country source update dates can be much older.
- CIA observations have not all been independently checked against national appointment records.
- Names are retained as published; people are not merged across sources by name.
- Diplomats, central bank officers and other listed officials are not automatically cabinet members.
- Blank names are unspecified information; only an explicit vacancy label is recorded as a reported vacancy.
- Refreshes replace this catalog version, including the last live-page capture. Published monthly archive editions are retained; daily captures are not a complete change history.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
ARDated snapshot
Andry RAMAROSON
Min. of Energy & Hydrocarbons
Aug 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Aug 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: 17 Aug 2021.
Evidence location: Madagascar; leaders; row 8; Min. of Energy & Hydrocarbons
Dataset: CIA World Leaders roster observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition public-rosters-v1
Attribution: Central Intelligence Agency, World Leaders: Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments. Country and edition URLs accompany each observation.
Licence: Public domain (unmarked US government material) (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Oct 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- A roster observation is not an appointment date or evidence of continuous service.
- Edition dates and retrieval dates do not establish current service. Country source update dates can be much older.
- CIA observations have not all been independently checked against national appointment records.
- Names are retained as published; people are not merged across sources by name.
- Diplomats, central bank officers and other listed officials are not automatically cabinet members.
- Blank names are unspecified information; only an explicit vacancy label is recorded as a reported vacancy.
- Refreshes replace this catalog version, including the last live-page capture. Published monthly archive editions are retained; daily captures are not a complete change history.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
PMDated snapshot
Paubert MAHATANTE
Min. of Fisheries & Blue Economy
Aug 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Aug 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: 17 Aug 2021.
Evidence location: Madagascar; leaders; row 9; Min. of Fisheries & Blue Economy
Dataset: CIA World Leaders roster observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition public-rosters-v1
Attribution: Central Intelligence Agency, World Leaders: Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments. Country and edition URLs accompany each observation.
Licence: Public domain (unmarked US government material) (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Oct 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- A roster observation is not an appointment date or evidence of continuous service.
- Edition dates and retrieval dates do not establish current service. Country source update dates can be much older.
- CIA observations have not all been independently checked against national appointment records.
- Names are retained as published; people are not merged across sources by name.
- Diplomats, central bank officers and other listed officials are not automatically cabinet members.
- Blank names are unspecified information; only an explicit vacancy label is recorded as a reported vacancy.
- Refreshes replace this catalog version, including the last live-page capture. Published monthly archive editions are retained; daily captures are not a complete change history.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
VBDated snapshot
Vahinala BAOMIAVOTSE
Min. of Environment & Sustainable Development
Aug 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Aug 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: 17 Aug 2021.
Evidence location: Madagascar; leaders; row 10; Min. of Environment & Sustainable Development
Dataset: CIA World Leaders roster observations (opens in a new tab) · Edition public-rosters-v1
Attribution: Central Intelligence Agency, World Leaders: Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments. Country and edition URLs accompany each observation.
Licence: Public domain (unmarked US government material) (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Oct 2026. Dataset publication: Date unknown.
- A roster observation is not an appointment date or evidence of continuous service.
- Edition dates and retrieval dates do not establish current service. Country source update dates can be much older.
- CIA observations have not all been independently checked against national appointment records.
- Names are retained as published; people are not merged across sources by name.
- Diplomats, central bank officers and other listed officials are not automatically cabinet members.
- Blank names are unspecified information; only an explicit vacancy label is recorded as a reported vacancy.
- Refreshes replace this catalog version, including the last live-page capture. Published monthly archive editions are retained; daily captures are not a complete change history.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
ARAnnual snapshot
Andry Rajoelina
Pres.
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141264; id=MDG-1577
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
CNAnnual snapshot
Christian Ntsay
Prime Min.
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141265; id=MDG-1578
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
HRAnnual snapshot
Harifidy Ramilison
Min. Of Agriculture & Livestock
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141266; id=MDG-1579
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
LAAnnual snapshot
Lalatiana Andriantogarivo Rakotondrazafy
Min. Of Communication & Culture
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141267; id=MDG-1580
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
SRAnnual snapshot
Sophie Ratsiraka
Min. Of Crafts
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141268; id=MDG-1581
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
TRAnnual snapshot
Tahiana Razafindramalo
Min. Of Digital Development, Digital Transformation, Postal, & Telecommunications
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141269; id=MDG-1582
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
RHAnnual snapshot
Rindra Hasimbelo Rabarinirinaririson
Min. Of Economy & Finance
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141270; id=MDG-1583
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
ARAnnual snapshot
Andry Ramaroson
Min. Of Energy & Hydrocarbons
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141271; id=MDG-1584
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
PMAnnual snapshot
Paubert Mahatante
Min. Of Fisheries & Blue Economy
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141272; id=MDG-1585
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
BVAnnual snapshot
Baomiavotse Vahinala Raharinirina
Min. Of Environment & Sustainable Development
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141273; id=MDG-1586
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
PRAnnual snapshot
Patrick Rajoelina
Min. Of Foreign Affairs
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141274; id=MDG-1587
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
EBAnnual snapshot
Elia Beatrice Assoumacou
Min. Of Higher Education & Scientific Research
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141275; id=MDG-1588
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
SRAnnual snapshot
Sophie Ratsiraka
Min. Of Industrialization, Trade, & Consumer Affairs
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141276; id=MDG-1589
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
PHAnnual snapshot
Pierre Houlder
Min. Of Interior & Decentralization
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141277; id=MDG-1590
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
HIAnnual snapshot
Herilaza Imbiki
Guard Of The Seals, Min. Of Justice
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141278; id=MDG-1591
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
GMAnnual snapshot
Gisele Marie Ranampy
Min. Of Labor, Employment, Public Service, & Social Laws
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141279; id=MDG-1592
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
—Annual snapshot
Person name not recorded
Min. Of Mines & Strategic Resources
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
The source did not provide a person name for this record. A vacancy has not been established.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141280; id=MDG-1593
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
LRAnnual snapshot
Leon Richard Rakotonirina
Min. Of National Defense
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141281; id=MDG-1594
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.
MMAnnual snapshot
Marie Michelle Sahondrarimalala
Min. Of National Education
Jul 2022 A source snapshot; it does not establish a start date, end date or current service.
Dates and source evidence
Observation: Jul 2022. Precision: month.
Source published: Date unknown. Source updated: Date unknown.
Evidence location: WhoGov_within_V4.0.csv; CSV data record 141282; id=MDG-1595
Dataset: The WhoGov Project (opens in a new tab) · Edition 4.0
Attribution: Nyrup, Jacob; Stuart Bramwell; Gabriel Lönn; Kristiansen, Ina Lyftingsmo; Schmid, Jonas Willibald; Matthews, Austin; Thoma, Andreina; Javier Padilla Moreno-Torres; Langsæther, Peter Egge; Knutsen, Carl Henrik, 2026, "The WhoGov Project", https://doi.org/10.18710/OLPOZK, DataverseNO. Nyrup, Jacob, and Stuart Bramwell. 2020. "Who governs? A new global dataset on members of cabinets." American Political Science Review 114(4): 1366–1374. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055420000490.
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (opens in a new tab)
Retrieved 17 Sept 2026. Dataset publication: 26 Aug 2026.
- Annual observations do not establish tenure dates or continuous service.
- Snapshots: September 1966, January 1970 and July otherwise; no exact day.
- Source row IDs and standardized names do not resolve person identities.
- Missing names mean unspecified by this dataset, not verified vacancies.
- Role classifications and flags are publisher research coding, not legal conclusions.
- Demographic and party columns are excluded from this extract.
- Excluded 10 African narrative rows classified STATEMENT.
- Pinned source file SHA-256: a8c82b8f0f96775c7944684c5dcf42ddedf0bd706dad43bcd150b67e2edff0c8.
Portraits are not supplied with these source observations. Initials are used for identification.